Electronic commerce (e-commerce,
EC) describes the buying, selling,
transferring or
exchanging
of products, services or information via computer networks, including the
Internet.
E-business
is a broader definition of EC, including buying and selling of goods and
services, and
also servicing customers, collaborating with partners, conducting e-learning
and conducting
electronic
transactions within an organization
Types
of E-Commerce
nBusiness-to-Consumer (B2C)
nBusiness-to-Business (B2B)
nConsumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
nBusiness-to-Employee (B2E)
nE-Government
nMobile Commerce (m-commerce)
E-Commerce
Business Models
Online
direct marketing:
manufacturers or retailers sell directly to customers.
Electronic
tendering system:
businesses (or governments) request quotes from suppliers;
uses B2B (or G2B) with reverse
auctions. Image above is the Hong Kong
Government’s
electronic tending system homepage.
Name-your-own-price: customers decide how much they want to
pay.
Image above is William Shatner,
Priceline’s spokesman.
Find-the-best-price:
customers specify a need and an intermediary compares providers
and shows the lowest price.
Note: clicking on the images will take you
to the respective Web pages.
Viral
marketing: receivers send information about your
product to their friends.
Group
purchasing: small buyers aggregate demand to get a
large volume; then
the group conducts tendering or negotiates
a lower price.
Online
auctions: companies run auctions of various types
on the Internet.
Benefits
of E-Commerce
nBenefits to organizations
nMakes
national and international markets more accessible
nLowering
costs of processing, distributing, and retrieving information
nBenefits to customers
nAccess
a vast number of products and services around the clock
nBenefits to Society
nAbility
to easily and conveniently deliver information, services and products to people
in cities, rural areas and developing countries.
Limitations
of E-Commerce
nTechnological Limitations
nLack
of universally accepted security standards
nInsufficient
telecommunications bandwidth
nExpensive
accessibility
nNon-technological Limitations
nPerception
that EC is unsecure
nUnresolved
legal issues
nLacks
a critical mass of sellers and buyers
ليست هناك تعليقات:
إرسال تعليق